When was the first printer invented ?

 : Answer

In 1953 Remington-Rand developed the first high-speed printer for use on the Univac computer. Later in 1938 Chester Carlson invented a dry printing process called electro-photography which is the foundation technology for laser printers today.

A Brief History of Air Conditioning

1758 All liquid evaporation has a cooling effect. Benjamin "I invented everything" Franklin and Cambridge University professor John Hadley discover that evaporation of alcohol and other volatile liquids, which evaporate faster than water, can cool down an object enough to freeze water. 

1820 Inventor Michael Faraday makes the same discovery in England when he compresses and liquifies ammonia. 

1830s At the Florida hospital where he works, Dr. John Gorrie builds an ice-making machine that uses compression to make buckets of ice and then blows air over them. He patents the idea in 1851, imagining his invention cooling buildings all over the world. But without any financial backing, his dream melts away. 

1881 After an assassin shoots President James Garfield on July 2, naval engineers build a boxy makeshift cooling unit to keep him cool and comfortable. The device is filled with water-soaked cloth and a fan blows hot air overhead and keeps cool air closer to the ground. The good news: This device can lower room temperature by up to 20 F. The bad news: It uses a half-million pounds of ice in two months… and President Garfield still dies. up to 20 F. The bad news: It uses a half-million pounds of ice in two months… and President Garfield still dies. 

1902 Willis Carrier invents the Apparatus for Treating Air for the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing and Publishing Co. in Brooklyn, N.Y. The machine blows air over cold coils to control room temperature and humidity, keeping paper from wrinkling and ink aligned. Finding that other factories want to get in on the cooling action, Carrier establishes the Carrier Air Conditioning Company of America. 

1906 Stuart Cramer, a textile mill engineer in North Carolina, creates a ventilating device that adds water vapor to the air of textile plants. The humidity makes yarn easier to spin and less likely to break. He's the first to call this process "air conditioning." 

1914 Air conditioning comes home for the first time. The unit in the Minneapolis mansion of Charles Gates is approximately 7 feet high, 6 feet wide, 20 feet long and possibly never used because no one ever lived in the house. 

1931 H.H. Schultz and J.Q. Sherman invent an individual room air conditioner that sits on a window ledge—a design that's been ubiquitous in apartment buildings ever since. The units are available for purchase a year later and are only enjoyed by the people least likely to work up a sweat—the wealthy. (The large cooling systems cost between $10,000 and $50,000. That's equivalent to $120,000 to $600,000 today.) work up a sweat—the wealthy. (The large cooling systems cost between $10,000 and $50,000. That's equivalent to $120,000 to $600,000 today.) 

1939 Packard invents the coolest ride in town: the first air-conditioned car. Dashboard controls for the a/c, however, come later. Should the Packard's passengers get chilly, the driver must stop the engine, pop open the hood, and disconnect a compressor belt. 

1942 The United States builds its first "summer peaking" power plant made to handle the growing electrical load of air conditioning. 

1947 British scholar S.F. Markham writes, "The greatest contribution to civilization in this century may well be air-conditioning—and America leads the way." Yet somehow people still say a brilliant new idea is "the best thing since sliced bread." 

1950s In the post-World War II economic boom, residential air conditioning becomes just another way to keep up with the Joneses. More than 1 million units are sold in 1953 alone. 

1970s Window units lose cool points as central air comes along. The units consist of a condenser, coils, and a fan. Air gets drawn, passed over coils, and blasted through a home's ventilation system. R-12, commonly known as Freon-12, is used as the refrigerant. 

1994 Freon is linked to ozone depletion and banned in several countries. Auto manufacturers are required to switch to the less harmful refrigerant R134a by 1996. Brands like Honeywell and Carrier develop coolants that are more environmentally friendly. 

2003 In "Hey Ya," Andre 3000 raps, "What's cooler than being cool? Ice cold!" They aren't talking about air conditioning. 

Who Invented The Air Conditioner?

Air conditioning, as an idea, has been around since the 1800s when an inventor named Michael Faraday learned that you could cool down the heated air around you if you condensed as well as liquefied certain in-air gases when you allowed the substances to evaporate into the air. It was a very complex idea with tons and tons of study and overall, the concept remained mostly speculative.

Willis Haviland Carrier would invent the first air conditioner using concepts developed by Michael Faraday. Picture on the right shows Willis Carrier with his first working chiller.

Willis Haviland Carrier

Many years later, after a gap of people utilizing this theoretical concept, we meet a man by the name of Willis Haviland Carrier. Willis would be noted as the first man to take the concepts created by Faraday and produce the very first air conditioning unit, this was in 1902. He created this conditioner because the workers in a, funny enough, heat and humidity plant had to work in some very harsh conditions. So he made this device and put it to use for all of these men to cool them down.

How he came about inventing the AC?

The air conditioner would not only keep the men happy but it would also keep the heat from screwing around with the paper the men were working with. Nothing would mold and deteriorate if the air was maintained in quality cooling. When Carrier gave the head of this company his AC unit, he was hired onto the staff instantly and paid a lot more than other members of the staff at 10 dollars per week. Back then, that was a lot.

Father of Air conditioning

Carrier would go on to win all sorts of awards by the year 1906 for his contribution in air conditioning, and although the concept of air condition existed years before his time, he was still known as the “Father of Air conditioning”. Carrier would take this same concept and use it for future technology we hold most dear today. Not only for air conditioning but also the temperature control of refrigeration devices and overall coming up with a variety of ideas for people to keep their houses, foods, and other goodies intact and devoid of spoiling.

Air conditioning changed the world

If people are able to control the temperature of a room than that makes things a lot simpler on their part, and by the 1928, Carrier would develop the first, in-home air conditioner, which started an entirely new age of household care. Now a day, there are almost no homes without some sort of AC system installed within. Carrier created something for all of man to use during these ever changing weather conditions.

Who invented the first chair and when?

Answer:

Chairs have been found in tombs from ancient China and Egypt. They were use usually only by kings. The common man used benches, stools, and chests to sit on. A chair for the common man really began use in the 16th century. The first chair was probably made by a late stone age human, and used throughout the Sumerian Civilization.

The History of Soap Making

How Soap Came To Be There are records from the middle east that indicate people knew about soap as far back as 4000 years ago. That stuff wasn't at all like the soap we're familiar with now though. It was a gross mixture of oil and ashes. Apparently the cleaning properties of this gross mixture was discovered in Rome at about 1000 BC. According to the story, the animal fat from the animals that were sacrificed in the fire to the Roman gods ran down the sides of the altar and mixed with the ashes of the fire. In time this goopy mess found its way down to the banks of the Tiber River where women would do laundry by pounding the dirt out with rocks. What the women found was that dirt was easier to get out if the goopy junk was applied to the fabric first. The first miracle cleaner had been discovered by accident at a place near a hill called "Sapo". And so the Roman historian Pliny, gave this "gross confection" the same name as the hill. In time "sapo" became our modern word "soap". Romans only used soap in the laundry. They never used it on the skin because it was crude stuff and it could damage the skin. Soap is made by cooking fats and oils with toxic materials such as lye, caustic soda or potash. In order for the result not to be well... disgusting, you must have just the right amount of each ingredient. Too much of one raw material and the soap is greasy and won't lather. Too much of another ingredient and the soap is grainy and strong. As with all things, people began to specialize in the manufacturing of soap. The best soaps were known to come from the Castile region of Spain, where olive oil instead of animal fat as used in the making of the soap. The wealthy classes in Europe used Castile soap for hundreds of years. In the American colonies, people made their own soaps at home. They made lye by mixing burnt wood ashes with water in a bucket. The lye dripped out of holes drilled in the bottom of the bucket. They got the fat they needed from the butchering of livestock. The animal fat was melted and mixed with the lye until it formed soap. As you can imagine, it was a nauseating (and dangerous) process. In America, the first commercial soap making companies came on the scene in the early 1800s. People were happy not to have to make their soap anymore and these early soap entrepreneurs were very successful. What Soap Actually Does Your skin produces oil called: "sebum". This oil traps dirt. Since oil and water don't mix, it takes more than water to wash off this dirty sebum. That's where soap comes in. Soap will mix with oil and water. Soap molecules are made of the elements: carbon, hydrogen, sodium and or potassium. The molecules contain a long string of carbon and hydrogen atoms (sometimes called hydro-carbons) at one end and the potassium or sodium at the other. The hydrogen/carbon side of the soap molecule attracts oils and rejects water. The sodium or potassium side of the soap molecule attracts water. As a person lathers up with soap, the soap molecules move around latching onto the dirty sebum oils eventually carrying them down the drain. How Soap Is Made Making soap involves a chemical reaction. Soap is made when two chemicals are brought together. The two chemicals are classified as an acid and a base or alkali. When an acid and a base are brought together, salt is formed. Soap is essentially a salt that forms when a weak fatty acid (animal fat or vegetable oil) is brought together with a strong base such as lye. Since the fatty acid is of the "weak" variety, and the base is of the strong variety, the resulting soap tends to be on the base or alkaline side of the spectrum. Why We Stink People that do not bath regularly can be smelled from a mile away. (Ok that's an exaggeration but not much!) What's happening on their bodies is germs or bacteria are growing on their skin. These living organisms feed on the oily sebum. As they multiply they make themselves known by their unpleasant aroma. "Deodorant soap" contains a substance that kills bacteria or at least retards its growth. All things go full circle. Now days some people enjoy making soap again and many are quite good at it. These modern day soap entreprenuers are making large volumes of perfectly balanced soaps. The soaps lather well, soften your skin and are offered in a variety of popular scents. At Black Pearl Botanicals we are proud to offer some of the finest handmade soaps available that are produced to our specification by an expert soaper with years of experience. You can be sure that the bar you receive will be of the highest quality. Choose fromMonoi de Tahiti Gardenia Scented Soap or a Lavender Shea Butter Bar Soap. Visit our retail web store at www.blackpearlbotanicals.com

Who discovered Gravity?

Gravity was discovered 3 centuries ago by a mathematician and physicist named Sir Isaac Newton. He discovered that there is a specific force,which we call gravity, that is required to change the speed or direction of something that is moving. This same force he figured must cause apples to fall from trees! After researching this hypothesis he wrote the law of gravity. This law is a mathematical explanation for the way that things attract based on experiments and observations

First Airplane

A man named Otto Lilienthal inspired the Wright brothers to build their first airplane.  He glided on a hill in a big kite-type thing called a hang glider.  The brothers really liked this idea and kept thinking about it.  They remembered a toy their father brought home when they were very young.  The boys named the toy, "The Bat."  The Bat could fly and they had played with it a lot. When building airplanes, the brothers knew the plane had three requirements to meet.  It would need wings to lift it in the air, power to propel it, and a way to control it.  The Wrights had the most difficult time figuring out how to control the plane.  The plane needed to go up and down, and side to side.  Other inventors like Lilienthal and Chanute had previous success with the wings and power.  Orville and Wilbur knew that it was very important to be able to control the plane.  They knew the pilot needed to keep the plane balanced just like a person riding a bike needed to keep the bike balanced.  They thought about how a bird flies and wanted the plane to operate like a flying bird. The idea of how to make the plane steer came to Wilbur one day when he was fooling with the ends of a cardboard box.  He made a kite to test his idea that a spiral twist could make one wing tilt up and the other wing tilt down.  The brothers were very happy to see the kite with its five feet wing span could be controlled from the ground with cords running from the wing tips to sticks held upright (one string in each hand). The Wright brothers were the first people to make a motor-powered airplane that could carry one pilot.  The brothers flew their first successful plane on December 17, 1903.  The airplane could fit one person and that was the pilot.  The pilot had to lay down in the airplane.  Wilbur flew their longest flight.  It was 852 feet and was flown in 59 seconds.  On a not so fine day, the brothers were getting ready to fly again when a powerful wind came and turned over the machine that they used to control the airplane.  This was a set back for the brothers because they had to make a new machine.Visiting Greenfield Village in Dearborn, Michigan, is a great place to learn about the Wright brothers and to see the Wright brothers' bike shop.  In the bike shop you can see a model of the first airplane they built.  The home of the Wright brothers was moved from Dayton, Ohio, to Greenfield Village.  You can visit their house there today.